What are the drawbacks of the response spectra method in seismic analysis?
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The response spectra method applies only to linear elastic systems. Here is why.
To perform response spectrum analysis, the equation of motion of the N degrees freedom system has to be decoupled into N number of single-degree freedom (SDOF) systems. To carry out this, the system should have N number of independent modes to decouple the coupled equation using the modal orthogonality principle.
In the case of non-linear systems, the modes are interdependent. This is because the natural frequency of a non-linear system is a function of the amplitude of vibration. Hence the natural frequency is not a constant value as in linear systems. The equation of the natural frequency of non-linear systems is written as
Where x is the displacement of the system,
is the cubic stiffness coefficient.
Hence due to the lack of constant modal properties in non-linear systems, the modes are interdependent.